RCOG World Congress 2025

Background

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common pregnancy complication that affects both maternal and neonatal outcomes. This study evaluated the impact of GDM on maternal and neonatal health, focusing on risk factors, management strategies, and outcomes.

Methodology

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study

Setting: IMC, a private hospital in Lahore, Pakistan

Study Period: February to December 2024

Sample Size: 72 women diagnosed with GDM

Data Source: Medical records review

Statistical Analysis: Descriptive statistics, Chi-square test for categorical variables, Independent t-test for continuous variables using SPSS version 27

Results

The average maternal age was 28.9 years, with 41.7% being obese; 68.2% were diagnosed with GDM around 24-28 weeks

Management strategies included dietary modifications (38.9%), Metformin (33.3%), and insulin therapy (27.8%)

Neonatal outcomes showed a mean birth weight of 3.1 kg, with 10% of infants admitted to the NICU. Women treated with insulin had statistically significant higher mean birth weights (3320g) and NICU admissions (30%)

A history of previous GDM had a strong association with NICU admission (p = 0.01)

Higher maternal BMI (>30 kg/m²) was significantly associated with insulin use (p = 0.04) and NICU admissions (p = 0.05)

Conclusion

Maternal obesity significantly impacts GDM management and neonatal outcomes. Higher BMI was linked to increased insulin use and NICU admissions. Individualized care, early screening, and weight control are key to improving outcomes in GDM pregnancies.

RCOG World Congress 2025

Gestational Diabetes Unveiled: Insights into Maternal Health and Neonatal Risks

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