Association of continuous glucose monitoring metrics with the development of gestational diabetes

 

Objective

This study aimed to assess the association between first trimester glucose profiles, using continuous glucose monitoring (CGM), and later development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), potentially offering earlier detection.

 

Design

This prospective observational study involved 89 pregnant women, 42 of which developed GDM. All women had assessment of glucose profiles using CGM in the first trimester of pregnancy.

 

Methods

Participants were randomly selected, with inclusion criteria limited to women with uncomplicated pregnancies (no pre-existing conditions, hypertensive disorders, or diabetes). Maternal demographic data, including age, parity, ethnicity, smoking habits, and method of conception, were recorded at first visit. Maternal biophysical measurements were obtained at the first visit (11-14 weeks) and CGM (Dexcom G6 system) was used for 10 days. The CGM metrics analysed were mean glucose, glucose variability (GV), time in range (TIR 3.5-7.8mmol/L), time above range (TAR >7.8mmol/L), time below range (TBR < 3.5 and < 3.0mmol/L) and glucose management indicator (GMI).