This meta-analysis systematically examines the efficacy and safety of uniport versus multiport epidural catheters for labor analgesia, incorporating data from ten randomized trials and two observational studies, totaling 7428 patients. Through a comprehensive search across PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane Library, and employing statistical analysis via Rstudio 4.2.3, heterogeneity and bias were rigorously evaluated using the Cochran Q test, I2 statistics, and the appropriate RoB-2 and ROBINS-I tools. Our analysis revealed a significant reduction in accidental intravascular placements with uniport catheters, with a relative risk of 2.14, suggesting their design may better prevent vascular puncture. No significant differences were noted in other outcomes, such as successful analgesia within 30 minutes, paresthesia, difficult placement, catheter replacement, intrathecal placement, or unilateral block. These findings suggest that the physical characteristics of uniport catheters, particularly their more pliable tips, may contribute to their safety profile by minimizing the risk of intravascular placement. This highlights the importance of catheter design in enhancing the safety and effectiveness of epidural analgesia in laboring patients.