Maternal glucose patterns in pregnancy as assessed by continuous glucose monitoring and their associations with birthweight

Objective

Toevaluateglycaemicprofilesinuncomplicatedpregnanciesusingcontinuousglucosemonitoring(CGM)andexaminehowtheseprofilescorrelatewithbirthweight(BW).

Design

Thiswasaprospectiveobservationalstudyincluding89singletonpregnanciestoidentifynormalglycaemicprofilesinwomenexperiencingphysiologicalchangesinglucosehomeostasis.

Methods

Participantswererandomlyselected,withinclusioncriterialimitedtowomenwithuncomplicatedpregnancies(nopre-existingconditions,hypertensivedisorders,ordiabetes).Maternaldemographicdata,includingage,parity,ethnicity,smokinghabits,andmethodofconception,wererecordedatfirstvisit.CGM(DexcomG6system)wasusedfor10dayseachtime,atthreetimepoints(11-14,26-28,and35-37weeks)andmaternalbiophysicalmeasurementswerecollectedattheabovetimepoints42ofthesepatientswentontodevelopgestationaldiabetesmellitus(GDM).TheCGMmetricsanalysedweremeanglucose,glucosevariability(GV),timeinrange(TIR3.5-7.8mmol/L),timeaboverange(TAR>7.8mmol/L),timebelowrange(TBR<3.5and<3.0mmol/L)andglucosemanagementindicator(GMI).NeonatalBWwasmeasuredtothenearestgramandBWcentileswerecalculatedbasedongestationandBW.