This study explores the use of silk-based 3D-printed scaffolds and silk nanoparticles (SNPs) as a dual-platform for bone regeneration and miRNA delivery. The optimized silk/HA/β-TCP scaffolds supported human mesenchymal stem cell viability, while SNPs demonstrated lower cytotoxicity compared to commercial transfection agents, despite reduced transfection efficiency. These findings suggest that silk-based biomaterials hold strong potential for bioengineered approaches in alveolar bone regeneration.