This study investigates the chemical composition of end-of-life photovoltaic (PV) panels. It focuses on hazardous substances like Pb, Cd, Sb and halogenated polymers. The study evaluates the physical and chemical behavior, leaching potential, exposure pathways, and degradation mechanisms of these substances during common disposal and dismantling scenarios. The research also looks at green and sustainable chemical management strategies, such as bioleaching, chelation, solid-state stabilization, and low-emission thermal delamination, to detoxify or selectively recover individual toxicants. Additionally, it examines the feasibility of using circular chemistry principles and material substitution, like lead-free solders and non-toxic encapsulants, in PV design. The main goal is to create a chemistry-based framework for assessing exposure risks and managing PV waste safely, specifically, and efficiently in Bangladesh.